3/28/2021 0 Comments Cracking Toast Gromit Sounds
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Everything you need to help a child learn to read through phonics: decodable stories, listening exercises, you name it. Charles Darwin and Alfred Wallace came to parallel discoveries of the principle of evolution through natural selection. The Darwinian debates are useful not only for their effect on science but also for their far reaching effect on society. The debates tie everything that we learned about the Victorian era together. First, the Darwinian debate engaged all sections of literate society instead of an esoteric group of people. By reaching all of literate society, the debate was widened and applied to many different things, so much so that the term Darwinian or Darwinists became associated with many different things had had little or no relation to Darwins actual arguments. Also in reaching an entire swath of society, the book was spread across the world, creating a global as well as domestic debates about the meanings and consequences of evolution through natural selection. How many editions of the Origin of Species were sold when the book first came out How many evolutionary-minded clubs or organizations were founded after the work was published Were the lower, semi-literate or illiterate classes aware of Darwins theories With the societal debates came accelerated secularization. Evolution through natural selection provided a scientific explanation instead of relying on scripture and Biblical teaching for an explanation of the creation of the earth. Another element of the increased secularization was the realization that the earth is older than 5,000 years and so the teachings in the Bible were not historically accurate, although they were still useful for moral instruction. The Great Exhibition of 1850 had started a trend of venerating science as the way for explaining natural phenomenon and using reason and logic to solve problems. In about 100 years, the idea of religion had radically changed and the power and influence of the Church had noticeably declined going from an era of religiosity alien to todays society to an increasingly modern view of religions place in everyday life. How many people became agnostic or atheists as a result of Darwin and Wallaces work Were there any churches that explicitly supported Darwins theories Were new religious sects created advocating Darwins ideas Another equally interesting aspect of Victorian life the Darwin debates influenced was medicine and gender roles. Because Darwinism advocated ideas of struggle for survival, people began to think of creating a more perfect race and ideas of eugenics began appearing. Did these ideas influence Adolf Hitler when he began his work with eugenics to try and create a perfect Aryan race. I was really interested in the extensive discussion of physiognomy. Mr. Hyde was considered to look deformed although there appeared to be nothing wrong with his appearance. That he was considered evil just because of physical appearance and evoked emotions of fear is an important element of Victorian philosophy. Cesare Lombroso studied physiognomy and phrenology and said one could determine if a person was evil or mad from their physical appearance. Mr. Hyde can be clearly classified as a degenerate criminal type from studying his unnerving appearance. In addition to utilizing ideas of physiognomy for identifying a criminal, Stevenson exploits different genres in his book to make it seem more believable. By calling the novella, The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, Stevenson uses the idea of a medical case study and of a police case history. I think it is even more interesting that he used such specialized areas because through evoking the idea of a specialist, Stevenson places himself in a special kind of authority role which another writer would not have been able to presume because there were no centralized police forces and medicine was beginning to get specialized. I think that the book was very effective in conveying its ideas because it appealed to the inner Mr. Hyde in all of us, which is both frightening and exhilarating. On the one hand it was terrifying to see a person from whom all seemed to be good and at least relatively righteous even if he was a bit fairy in the character of Dr. Jekyll, to a character who exudes pure evil: from the way he walks, to the way he talks to the way he looks and carries himself. I also thought it was interesting that after the novella came out, Jack the Ripper started on his bloody rampage, so much so that the play Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde was Jack the Ripper. I found it interesting how people were communicating more easily and people were getting involved in their communities.
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